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Showing posts with label gender gap. Show all posts
Showing posts with label gender gap. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

388. College Access and Success News



Here are links to recent news on college access and success.

by

Joe Rottenborn
Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)





1. Read The Joe Rottenborn Daily ▸ today's top stories on college access and success via @rottenbornj ▸ http://paper.li/rottenbornj


2. NAEP Scores: Achievement Gap in D.C. Still Wide Education News -


3. More on the D.C. Achievement Gap and Michelle Rhee's Legacy -




5. Maya Cole: Why I will vote against Madison Prep


6. Researchers Probe 'Myths' Around Math Gender Gap, by Sarah D. Sparks - via


7. Start the scholarship search with fact-finding & The Charlotte Observer Newspaper: via


8. Vanderbilt, Duke are South's most selective colleges - via


9. Rice is most selective college for admissions in Texas - via


10. On College: What struggles do you reveal on your college application? - San Jose Mercury News

Tuesday, November 15, 2011

367. College Access and Success News



Here are links to recent news on college access and success.

by

Joe Rottenborn

Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)





1. Read The Joe Rottenborn Daily ▸ today's top stories on college access and success via @rottenbornj ▸ http://paper.li/rottenbornj


2. 529 college savings plan a great gift, by Sandra Block – http://usat.ly/u0eHfQ via @USATODAY - "Saving for college has never been more important. Federal and state budget deficits could lead to cuts in traditional sources of financial aid, which means there's a good chance there won't be as much available when your child goes to college, says Joseph Hurley, founder of SavingforCollege.com. Meanwhile, tuition continues to increase much faster than the rate of inflation. Tuition and fees at public colleges and universities rose more than 8% this year, according to a recent report by the College Board."


3. Program helps prepare kids for kindergarten, by Bob Coupland - Tribune Chronicle - Warren, OH: http://bit.ly/vLsGOE via AddThis - "Called SPARK Ohio (Supporting Partnerships to Assure Ready Kids), the program works with families, schools and the community to ensure children's readiness and schools' readiness to receive children and families, according to its website. . . . The program is designed to help 4-year-olds increase communication, language, literacy and math skills."


4. Part 2: Answers to Your Questions on Scholarships and Student Loans, by Mark Kantrowitz: http://nyti.ms/tcJAdo - "The unsubsidized Stafford loan and the Parent PLUS loan, both federal education loans, are available without regard to financial need. Even wealthy families may qualify for these loans. The Stafford loan is a student loan while the Parent PLUS loan is, as the name suggests, a loan borrowed by parents of undergraduate students. The unsubsidized Stafford loan has a fixed 6.8 percent interest rate and the Parent PLUS loan has a fixed 7.9 percent interest rate."


5. Occupy protests focusing increasingly on student debt, by Libby A. Nelson Inside Higher Ed: http://bit.ly/vXcfBn via AddThis - “Student loan debt has been rising inexorably, and college students in the last couple of years are entering one of the worst job markets in a generation,” Kamenetz says. “There’s a real feeling of betrayal that hits a lot of people when they find out that the debt they were told was good debt is not paying off.”


6. Survey finds that counselors question effectiveness of schools, by Scott Jaschik Inside Higher Ed: http://bit.ly/spuyVP via AddThis - "In function after function that the counselors found important -- such as helping students understand the kind of preparation they would need for colleges and careers, or promoting good understanding of the college application process -- relatively few found their schools to be doing well in them."


7. Report Links College to Promising 'Career Clusters' Inside Higher Ed: http://bit.ly/tsmCx9 via AddThis - "The report argues that while there will be some jobs in the future for which only a high school diploma is required, those positions will be few and far between -- and will have limited advancement potential. The clusters in which students are likely to see the greatest number of jobs and advancement potential require a college education, the report says."


8. Georgetown U. Report on Career Clusters -- http://cew.georgetown.edu/clusters/ - "Here are several key highlights from the report:

While jobs for workers with high school diplomas are in decline, they still exist.

Jobs for middle skill workers (jobs for workers with some college, a certificate, or an Associate's degree) will make up 29 percent of the workforce by 2018.

Manufacturing will continue to decline in total employment, but retiring Baby Boomers will create 2 million job openings.

The gender gap in wages varies greatly from cluster to cluster. For example, the gap in Architecture and Construction is $2,000; in Health Science, it is $69,000."


9. Counselors See Conflicts in Carrying Out Mission, by Catherine Gewertz - http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2011/11/15/13counseling.h31.html?cmp=SOC-SHR-TW via @educationweek - "Nine in 10 counselors, for instance, said that two objectives should top their schools’ priority lists: ensuring that all students have access to high-quality education and that they graduate well-equipped for college and careers. But fewer than four in 10 said their schools actually operated as if those goals were central to their mission."


10. Bachelor's Degree Is Still Best Path to Middle-Class Jobs and Earnings, Report Says, by Jennifer Gonzalez - http://chronicle.com/article/Bachelors-Degree-Is-Still/129784/ - "The study also concludes that women need education beyond high school to earn the same wages as men with only a high-school diploma. For example, a man can earn $35,000 annually with a high-school diploma in the manufacturing sector, while a woman must obtain a postsecondary credential and work in health care to earn as much, the report concludes. "A woman just can't make it with only a high-school diploma," said Anthony P. Carnevale, a research professor at Georgetown who directs the Center on Education and the Workforce."


11. Research doesn’t back up key ed reforms, by Valerie Strauss - The Answer Sheet - http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/post/research-doesnt-back-up-key-ed-reforms/2011/11/12/gIQAPRoWFN_blog.html?tid=sm_btn_twitter via @washingtonpost - "There is no solid evidence supporting many of the positions on teachers and teacher evaluation taken by some school reformers today, according to a new assessment of research on the subject. The Education Writers Association released a new brief that draws on more than 40 research studies or research syntheses, as well as interviews with scholars who work in this field."

Monday, November 7, 2011

361. College Access and Success News



Here are links to recent news on college access and success.

by

Joe Rottenborn

Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)





1. Read The Joe Rottenborn Daily on http://paper.li/rottenbornj


2. Part 1: Answers to Your Questions on Applying With a Learning Disability, by Marybeth Kravets: http://nyti.ms/vPrzii - "In this first batch of answers, Ms. Kravets addresses questions on test scores and foreign language requirement waivers. Answers to additional questions will continue this week."


3. Gender Gaps in Higher Ed Around the World Inside Higher Ed: http://bit.ly/t1VBCF via AddThis - "New data from the World Economic Forum show that gender gaps in higher education leave some countries (including the United States and many other developed nations) with female enrollments significantly outpacing male enrollments, while other countries face the opposite situation."


4. What Spurs Students to Stay in College and Learn? Good Teaching Practices and Diversity, by Dan Berrett - http://chronicle.com/article/What-Spurs-Students-to-Stay-in/129670/ - "Good teaching and exposure to students from diverse backgrounds are some of the strongest predictors of whether freshmen return for a second year of college and improve their critical thinking skills, say two prominent researchers."


5. Washington-area schools confront the ‘gifted gap,’ by Kevin Sieff -http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/2011/11/06/gIQAeYImtM_story.html?tid=sm_btn_twitter via Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive - "Most of the city’s students are black or Hispanic. Most in gifted programs are white. This imbalance in classes tailored to gifted and talented students is echoed across the region and the nation, a source of embarrassment to many educators."


6. For many middle-income families, college is no longer within reach via


7. Calculators for tuition vary Business Dallas Business, Texas Business, Fort Worth Bu...: via




9. How colleges make admission decisions


10. Athletics in the Admission Process




12. Nancy Berk: College Anxiety: Modern Families Caught in The Middle via


13. The Tutor's Tips: The college application rush

Thursday, October 6, 2011

339. College Access and Success News



Here are links to recent news on college access and success.

by

Joe Rottenborn

Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)





1. Getting Credit, by Paul Fain - Inside Higher Ed - http://bit.ly/phTVbd via AddThis - "The total number of degrees and certificates awarded by community colleges increased by 127 percent between 1990 and 2010, the report found, while enrollment increased by 65 percent. And credentials earned by Hispanic students, for example, increased by 440 percent compared to enrollment growth of 226 percent."


2. 25 Colleges With the Best Professors in 2011, by Lynn O'Shaughnessy - http://moneywatch.bnet.com/spending/blog/college-solution/25-colleges-with-the-best-professors-in-2011/6813/ via @cbsmoneywatch - "None of the Ivy league schools, for instance, crack the list of the top 25 schools with the best professors. Princeton came the closest at 57th best. According to the teacher quality rankings, Cornell fared the worst among the Ivies — it came in 445th out of 650 schools. For the second year in a row, Oklahoma Wesleyan University earned bragging rights as the school with the best professors."


3. Better Data Urged to Link K-12 and Postsecondary, by Caralee J. Adams - http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2011/10/06/07college.h31.html via @educationweek - "If high schools are going to better prepare students for college and careers, experts say they need to track graduates enrolling in higher education, whether they take remedial courses to get up to speed, and whether they earn a degree."


4. Racial and Gender Gaps Persist in Higher Education -http://chronicle.com/blogs/ticker/racial-and-gender-gaps-persist-in-higher-education/36925 - "Racial and gender gaps in higher education persist among today’s students, says the latest edition of a report from the American Council on Education. The report says whites and Asian-Americans are the only groups whose members are earning significantly more degrees than did their elders, while African-Americans and Hispanics have made no progress. Women are surpassing men in earning postsecondary credentials. . . ."


5. Harvard falls from top spot in global college rankings, by Daniel de Vise - College, Inc. - http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/college-inc/post/harvard-falls-from-top-spot-in-global-college-rankings/2011/10/05/gIQARCcDOL_blog.html via @washingtonpost - "For the first time in the eight-year history of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Harvard has been displaced as the world’s top university. The No. 1 spot in the 2011-12 rankings, released Thursday in Britain, belongs to CalTech. Adding insult to injury, Harvard must share second place with Stanford."


6. Read The Joe Rottenborn Daily ▸ today's top stories on college access and success via

Thursday, September 22, 2011

329. College Access and Success News



Here are links to recent news on college access and success.
by
Joe Rottenborn
Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)





1. More college officials learn about applicants from Facebook, by Mary Beth Marklein – http://usat.ly/rpUwnK via @USATODAY - "Nearly a quarter (24%) of admissions officials at 359 selective colleges say they used Facebook, up from 6% the previous year, and 20% used Google to help evaluate an applicant, says the survey, conducted by Kaplan Test Prep. Kaplan, which did not identify participating colleges, queried 500 colleges listed in U.S. News & World Report rankings and in Barron's Profiles of American Colleges."


2. ‘Pursue your dream’ by Virginia Shank - Tribune Chronicle - Warren, OH - http://bit.ly/mQFLL9 via AddThis - "It makes sense," said Jasmine Wallace, 17, a senior and member of the school's yearbook committee. "It's important to show kids that there's far more to life than being on the streets, than just giving up on yourself and what you can do with your life. These are real people pursuing their careers and working hard at what they do. It gives you something to hold on to. It gives you hope that you can also make something of your own life."


3. Gazing Into Higher Ed's Future, by Doug Lederman - Inside Higher Ed - http://bit.ly/ns4co1 via AddThis - "And the gender gap, already a concern for many in higher education, would widen: with enrollments of women growing by 21 percent and men by just 12 percent, as the department projects, by 2019 women would make up 59 percent of all postsecondary students, up from the current 57.1 percent."


4. College Bound: States Pass New Laws to Encourage College Completion, by Caralee Adams - http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/college_bound/2011/09/states_pass_new_laws_to_encourage_college_completion.html via @educationweek - "Nearly 80 new laws related to college completion have been approved in states so far in 2011, and the range of approaches are chronicled by Boosting College Completion, a two-year initiative by the Education Commission of the States funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation."


5. For-Profit Colleges, Vulnerable G.I.’s, by Hollister K. Petraeus - http://nyti.ms/o9aZzl - "The schools have a strong incentive to enroll service members and veterans, in large part because of the “90-10 rule” created by the 1998 amendments to the Higher Education Act. Put simply, the rule says that a for-profit college must obtain at least 10 percent of its revenue from a source other than Title IV education funds, the primary source of federal student aid. Funds from Tuition Assistance and the G.I. Bill are not defined as Title IV funds, so they count toward the 10 percent requirement, just like private sources of financing.
Therein lies a problem. For every service member or veteran (or spouse or child, in the case of the post-9/11 G.I. Bill) enrolled at a for-profit college and paying with military education funds, that college can enroll nine others who are using nothing but Title IV money."


6. St. Mary’s U. Finds That When It Texts, Students Come, by Alex Campbell - http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/st-marys-u-finds-that-when-it-texts-students-come/33328 - "At St. Mary’s University, potential students are given the option to sign up for updates when they first make contact with the institution. Throughout the application process, they get alerts, and, if they reply, the university writes back to them individually. For the second straight year, students who signed up were more likely to apply than those who didn’t, and, if they got accepted, they were more likely to matriculate."


7. Grading the GOP Candidates on Education, by Andrew J. Rotherham - http://ti.me/nTMHie via Time - "As some start to drop hints about what their education plans might look like, here's a handicapper's guide to the leading contenders and their views — and record — on education."


8. Obama prepares to revamp ‘No Child Left Behind’ by Lyndsey Layton - http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/obama-prepares-to-revamp-no-child-left-behind/2011/09/16/gIQAKUrXlK_story.html via Washingtonpost.com - "Obama and Education Secretary Arne Duncan are scheduled Friday to detail plans to waive some of the law’s toughest requirements, including the goal that every student be proficient in math and reading by 2014 or else their schools could face escalating sanctions. In exchange for relief, the administration will require a quid pro quo: States must adopt changes that could include the expansion of charter schools, linking teacher evaluation to student performance and upgrading academic standards. As many as 45 states are expected to seek waivers."


9. The problem with Obama’s plan to issue NCLB waivers, by Valerie Strauss - The Answer Sheet - http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/post/the-problem-with-obamas-plan-to-issue-nclb-waivers/2011/09/21/gIQAdVfQmK_blog.html via Washingtonpost.com - "States have been begging Washington to relieve them of the most onerous of NCLB’s provisions, Adequate Yearly Progress, a measure that requires public schools to ensure that nearly all of their students score as proficient on standardized tests in reading and math by 2014. Failing to reach sub-goals toward that end results in punitive measures that require schools to be restructured in one of several models. As the 2014 goal has approached, the number of schools in danger of failing has shot up."


10. More public universities turn dorms into residential colleges, by Jenna Johnson - Campus Overload - http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/campus-overload/post/more-public-universities-turn-dorms-into-residential-colleges/2011/09/21/gIQA8tjGlK_blog.html via Washingtonpost.com - "The idea of a residential college is not new at schools like Cambridge and Harvard, or small liberal arts colleges. But lately many large public institutions are adopting the model, creating small academically driven communities where students can live all four years . . . . The idea is that by putting these students in a building with lots of gathering spots — movie theaters, fitness rooms, kitchens and gaming rooms — they will learn from each other and share ideas."


11. Read The Joe Rottenborn Daily ▸ today's top stories about college access and success, via

Thursday, March 10, 2011

209. Unstack the Odds--What About the Guys?



Unstack the Odds: Help All Kids Access College—and Graduate!
by
Joe Rottenborn
Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)

5. What About the Guys?

The 2010 Met Life Teacher Survey, conducted by Harris Interactive in the fall of 2010 on a national sample “. . . of middle and high school teachers, students, parents of public school students, and business executives from Fortune 1000 companies . . . .” indicated a gender gap regarding students’ desire to access college; indeed, the Survey found the following:
In high school, a gender gap in college expectations emerges that does not exist in middle school. [emphasis in original.] In middle school, seven in ten girls (73%) and boys (72%) plan to get at least a bachelor’s degree. However, in high school, the number of girls planning to get a college degree increases to 83%, while the number of boys planning to get a college degree remains the same as the middle school number.” (The Met Life Survey of the American Teacher: Preparing Students for College and Careers, Part 1: Clearing the Path, Fall 2010, p. 9.)
http://www.metlife.com/assets/cao/contributions/foundation/american-teacher/MetLife_Teacher_Survey_2010.pdf

A Time article by David Von Drehle discussed the performance of boys in the U.S.; the author indicated lower male performance, as related to college access and success. As he put it: “Meanwhile, fewer boys than girls take the SAT. Fewer boys than girls apply to college. Fewer boys than girls, in annual surveys of college freshmen, express a passion for learning. And fewer boys than girls are earning college degrees.” (David Von Drehle, “The Myth About Boys,” Time, August 6, 2007, p. 42.) http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1647452,00.html
Von Drehle elaborated on the situation of young males in the U.S.--based on a report of the federal government, entitled America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2007--as follows: “Statistics collected over two decades show an alarming decline in the performance of America’s boys—in some respects, a virtual free fall. Boys were doing poorly in school, abusing drugs, committing violent crimes and engaging in promiscuous sex . . . . The standardized NAEP test, known as the nation’s report card, indicates that by the senior year of high school, boys have fallen nearly 20 points behind their female peers [in reading].” (Ibid., pp. 43-44.) http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1647452-2,00.html

As for matriculation rates by gender, an online post commented on the U.S. Labor Department’s report regarding high school graduates in the Class of 2009. Although 70.1% of all students matriculated, the gender breakdown was 73.8% of females but only 66% of male graduates. (Sara Murray, “Grads Head to College In Record Numbers,” The Wall Street Journal, April 28, 2010.) http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703832204575210244203411342.html

Regarding enrollment figures, based on the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 43.1% of undergrads from 2007-8 in the U.S. were men, while 56.9% were women. According to an online posting, “women outnumber men at colleges and universities, though their numbers are more even at more selective institutions. Community colleges, less-selective private colleges, and especially for-profit colleges are heavily female.” (“Who Are the Undergraduates?” The Chronicle of Higher Education, December 12, 2010.) http://chronicle.com/article/Who-Are-the-Undergraduates-/123916/

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

203. Unstack the Odds--Set at Birth? Part 2


Unstack the Odds: Help All Kids Access College—and Graduate!
by
Joe Rottenborn
Executive Director, Mahoning Valley College Access Program (MVCAP)

1. Are the odds being stacked at birth against some kids going to college and graduating?

According to the American Council on Education (ACE), the rates of degree attainment vary widely according to the racial and ethnic category of students. As stated in its Minorities in Higher Education: 2009 Supplement:
“As of 2007, 27.4 percent of young Americans aged 25 to 29 had obtained at least a bachelor’s degree, and an additional 8.1 percent had earned an associate degree. . . . These average rates conceal large disparities among subgroups. Asian Americans aged 25 to 29 are at the top, with 58 percent holding a bachelor’s degree, followed by whites (33 percent), African Americans (17 percent), Hispanics (11 percent) and finally, American Indians (9 percent). These large gaps are unlikely to change without reducing disparities at each transition point in the educational pipeline.” (Mikyung Ryu, Minorities in Higher Education: 2009 Supplement--Twenty-Third Status Report, American Council on Education, September 2009, p. 1.) http://www.acenet.edu/AM/Template.cfm?Section=CAREE&Template=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=34214

Furthermore, a gender gap is also evident in the matriculation data; simply put, women are more likely to enroll in college than are men. And this gender gap varies by racial and ethnic classification. Per the ACE 2009 Supplement, “As with high school completion, gender gaps widened in college enrollment rates. The proportion of young women enrolled in college
increased from 30 percent to 45 percent between 1988 and 2007, an increase twice as large as for young men (30 percent to 37 percent). Of all racial/ethnic groups, African Americans and Hispanics showed the largest gender gap in college enrollment rates.” (Ibid., p. 2.)

As Kevin Carey, policy director of the nonprofit Education Sector, stated in a recent posting, "All in all, this confirms what we already knew: College works well for the kind of student who has been going to college for a long time: white middle- and upper-class children of college graduates who enroll full-time directly after leaving high school." (“College Grad Rates Stay Exactly the Same,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, December 2, 2010.) http://chronicle.com/blogs/brainstorm/college-grad-rates-stay-exactly-the-same/29394)
By contrast, data on underrepresented U.S. students—including those of low income and minorities—continue to demonstrate their difficulty in going to college and in graduating. Indeed, Martin Haberman quoted Loeb (1999) as stating “If you’re in the top economic quarter of the population, your children have a 76% chance of getting through college and graduating by age 24. . . . If you’re in the bottom quarter, however, the figure is 4%.” (“Urban Education: The State of Urban Schooling at the Start of 21st Century,” 7/12/2010.) http://www.educationnews.org/ed_reports/104105.html).

As for minorities, in the state of California among community college matriculants, Joanne Jacobs posted that “only 26% of black students and 22% of Latino students had completed a degree or certificate or transferred after six years, compared to 37% of whites and 35% of Asian Pacific Islanders.” In her view, “Students fail because they're not prepared for college-level reading, writing and math. Many are juggling jobs and family responsibilities too, of course, but college readiness is the make-or-break issue." (“Unready and Unsuccessful,” The Huffington Post, October 29, 2010.) http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joanne-jacobs/unready-and-unsuccessful_b_775668.html)

Even among matriculants to colleges and universities, a graduation gap exists by race. In a posting on The Hechinger Report, Sarah Butrymowicz pointed out this information:
“But a study released last summer by the Washington D.C.-based Education Trust, which analyzed data from 456 colleges and universities, found a disturbing gap in graduation rates when disaggregated by race. At private institutions, 73.4 percent of white students earned their degrees within six years, while only 54.7 percent of black students and 62.9 percent of Hispanic students made it through the schools they started.” (“Can universities keep the minority students they woo? The Hechinger Report, February 23, 2011.) http://hechingerreport.org/content/can-universities-keep-the-minority-students-they-woo_5239/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+HechingerReport+%28Hechinger+Report%29

Friday, February 11, 2011

190. MVCAP fyi

See free MVCAP e-books on college admissions and financial aid for sharing, printing, and downloading at our online resource library: http://issuu.com/mvcap

1. More Women Earn Bachelor's Degrees Than Men, Study Shows -http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/10/post_644_n_821577.html

"The data, mined from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth of 1997, shows that by the age of 23, 23% of women surveyed earned a bachelor's degree -- compared with only 14% of men
. . . . By the age of 23, 22% of non-Hispanic whites surveyed reported earning a bachelor's degree, as opposed to only 9% of blacks and Hispanics and 8% of Hispanics or Latinos."

2. Colleges with the Best Graduation Rates -http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/10/colleges-with-the-highest_2_n_820990.html#s236902&title=Thomas_University_100

"At the College of the Holy Cross, which has a 98.1% grad rate, V. P. for Academic Affairs & Dean Timothy Austin said graduating -- and doing so in 4 years -- is a matter of student culture. "Students here don't call themselves freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors," he said. "They call themselves class of [graduation year]. So right from the get-go they are targeting that date when they are going to cross the stage together."

3. California District Pushes Digital-Text Initiative Forward, by Katie Ash - http://www.edweek.org/dd/articles/2011/02/09/02books.h04.html

“We don’t care what the device is, just that the resources are in a format that makes sense [to the students],” McPhail says. “The kids are our customers.”

4. For-Profit Colleges Discuss How to Make the Sector More Accountable, by Goldie Blumenstyk -http://chronicle.com/article/At-Closed-Door-Summit/126331/

"Several of the colleges at the meeting are being investigated by state and federal regulators, and by their own accreditors, for abusive student-recruiting tactics; several also face lawsuits from students and former employees on similar grounds."

5. Harvard Considers Bringing Back Early Adm,by Justin C. Worland - http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2011/2/10/early-admissions-harvard-students/#

"Harvard decided to eliminate its non-binding early action program in 2006. At the time, College officials stated that the early admissions program—regarded by many as an advantage in the admissions process—disproportionately benefited affluent students, who were more likely to have access to resources that could help them prepare their applications for an early deadline."

6. Guide to Admissions - US News and World Report - http://www.usnews.com/education/features/guide-to-admissions

‎"Getting Into College Guide To Admissions"


‎"The new name emphasizes the critical need to create a college-going culture across the region, helping students reach their full potential through college education and increasing the economic vitality of Greater Cleveland. College Now assists over 20,000 students each year, through college access and success advising, financial aid counseling and scholarship services."